by Experts call for balanced nutrition to combat child malnutrition in the country
Jimmi Wangdi
The 2023 National Health Survey (NHS) shows that there are urgent child nutrition problems in Bhutan: 5.1 percent of children under five are considered too thin for their height (wasting), 17.9 percent are considered too short for their age (stunting), and 8.8 percent are considered underweight.
To address these problems, medical experts are calling for a move away from traditional eating habits toward a more balanced diet.
Clinical nutritionist at Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital, Dr Prem Kumar Neopanay, said that a nutrient-rich diet must go beyond mere calorie intake.
“Many parents believe that giving their children rice with little fat or salt is enough. However, this approach neglects important micro and macronutrients that are crucial for growth and development,” said Dr Prem.
The NHS study highlights a significant gap in the consumption of nutrient-rich foods. “Fruit, vegetables and animal foods are often under-represented in the diet, leading to nutrient deficiencies,” he said.
A big mistake is relying on rice as a primary source of nutrients and calories.
Dr Prem said diversification of grains is essential to make the source of nutrients more diverse. “Alternatives like quinoa offer better nutritional benefits, including higher protein and fiber content. Quinoa is a good choice for pregnant women and children,” he said.
A balanced diet should include at least five basic food groups and include animal proteins, according to Dr Prem. “Our staple foods like cereals and grains provide energy, but including other options like millet, buckwheat and oats can provide additional benefits,” he said.
Micronutrients found in fruits and vegetables are essential for a good diet. According to Dr. Prem, a person needs to consume 350 to 500 grams of vegetables and 150 to 250 grams of fruits daily to meet their vitamin, mineral and fiber requirements.
“We urge people to consume more of these foods as our body’s micronutrient requirements are not being met,” said Dr Prem.
Protein is another important nutrient and is essential for building muscle and supporting the immune system, especially during pregnancy, when the fetus is developing in the womb, or in the first few months after birth.
“The micronutrient protein helps in building muscles in the baby and in the development and formation of organs and tissues. It also strengthens the immune system. Therefore, people must include protein in their balanced diet,” said Dr. Prem.
He suggested including high-quality protein sources such as meat, fish, eggs and local cheese in the diet. For vegans, pulses, legumes, Nutri-Soya pieces and nuts are excellent alternatives.
Healthy fats, which provide more energy than carbohydrates, are also important, especially for growing children. Dr. Prem recommends incorporating higher-calorie foods such as fresh butter, nuts, avocados, and healthy oils such as coconut and sesame into the diet.
“If we get four kilocalories of energy from one gram of carbohydrates, one gram of fat provides nine kilocalories of energy. Children in their growing years need more calorie-rich food.”
